Colorless transparent crystals.
Non-flammable substance, oxidizer. On contact with combustible materials it promotes their spontaneous combustion and rapid fire development. Produces toxic compounds when burning. The product may decompose explosively when heated.
By covered land transport.
In sealed factory packaging, in covered unheated warehouse premises.
| Characteristics | Grade A | Grade B |
| Appearance | White crystals with a grayish or yellowish tint | |
| Mass fraction, % | ||
| sodium nitrate calculated on dry substance, not less than | 99.8 | 99.5 |
| water, not more than | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| water-insoluble substances, not more than | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| chloride salts calculated as NaCl, not more than | 0.15 | 0.3 |
| oxidizable substances calculated as NaNO2, not more than | 1.0 | 0.2 |
| Mass fraction of iron calculated as Fe2O3 | 0.001 | — |
| Mass fraction of chromium calculated as Cr2O3, % not more than | 0.0001 | — |
Sodium nitrate also has other names: Sodium Nitrate, Chilean Saltpeter, Sodium Nitrate. Complies with GOST 828-77. It looks like transparent crystals. Hygroscopic — cakes quickly at high humidity.
The name Chilean Saltpeter comes from the place of discovery — Chile had large natural deposits formed over centuries by bats, whose droppings were processed to obtain sodium nitrate. This deposit was discovered in 1809, and exports to other countries began in 1830. The first shipment arrived in Europe in 1847 and was used exclusively for the production of explosives. Later, natural deposits were also found in Africa, North America and other continents. Today most of the volume is produced industrially by chemical means.
It is especially worth noting its use in agriculture as a widely used fertilizer. Not only grade B but also grade A is used.
Most of the sodium nitrate produced goes to agricultural work. This is a nitrogen fertilizer with nitrogen content (in the form of nitrate compounds). It is applied to all types of soil for almost all agricultural crops, trees and urban landscaping. Sodium nitrate shifts soil pH toward alkaline, so it is most often used on acidic soils. It is used separately or in combination with other fertilizers.
Sodium nitrate is classified as hazard class 3 for the human body. It may be hazardous to humans if it gets on the skin or mucous membranes, or if inhaled.
External contact can cause a chemical burn. If ingested, it can form methemoglobin in the body.
When handling the product, it is recommended to use respiratory protection, protect the skin, use gloves coated with butyl rubber, and closed footwear.
If it gets on mucous membranes or skin, rinse immediately and thoroughly with plenty of water.
Yes, sodium saltpetre and sodium nitrate are names for the same substance with the formula NaNO₃. Documents may also use the variants “Chile saltpetre” or sodium nitrate. When purchasing for an enterprise, it is important to check not only the name but also GOST 828-77, the mass fraction of the main substance, moisture content, chlorides, sulfates, insoluble impurities and the batch’s appearance. This reduces the risk of an ordering mistake and simplifies incoming raw material inspection.
When receiving sodium saltpetre, packaging integrity, labelling, production date, quality certificate and the batch’s compliance with purchase requirements are checked. Laboratory control focuses on the mass fraction of NaNO₃, moisture, content of insoluble substances, chlorides, sulfates and other regulated impurities. Visually, the product should be uniform, without wetting, contamination, dense lumps or foreign inclusions. For agricultural and industrial buyers, batch stability matters no less than the price per tonne.
Sodium saltpetre is highly hygroscopic, so if storage conditions are violated it can absorb moisture from the air, cake and become harder to dose. If the product arrives showing signs of wetting, it is better to check it before transferring it into use: assess free-flowing quality, moisture content, appearance and compliance with the quality certificate. It is especially important not to leave opened packaging in a damp room.
Sodium saltpetre is stored in a dry, closed warehouse, in undamaged factory packaging and protected from moisture. Packages are placed on pallets, separately from materials that could contaminate the batch or worsen its free-flowing quality. Residues from different batches should not be mixed without verification if the product is used in a process with controlled parameters. For a wholesale delivery it is important to preserve the quality certificate, labelling, production date and batch traceability from receipt through to transfer into use.
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