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How to Increase the Fire Resistance of Materials?

Flame retardants are used to improve the fire resistance of materials.
Flame retardants are substances added to materials of organic origin to increase their fire-resistant properties. They slow down the combustion and ignition of the material.
The action of flame retardants is based on:
1. melting under the influence of fire (borax, salts of phosphoric (orthophosphoric) acid, di-ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate). Part of the heat is consumed by the melting process, thereby raising the ignition temperature.
2. releasing non-flammable gases when the substances are heated (ammonia). These gases are non-combustible and hinder the spread of combustion.

Flame retardants must:
– hinder the burning and smoldering of the material;
– provide biological resistance to the impregnated material;
– act for a long period of time;

Flame retardants must NOT:
– increase the hygroscopicity (moisture-absorbing ability) of materials;
– affect the properties of the material;
– cause corrosion of the material’s metal components;
– create difficulties when processing the material;
– be poisonous.

Di-ammonium phosphate is recognized as one of the best flame retardants. When heated, it releases ammonia and phosphorus compounds, which cover the material with a protective film. Di-ammonium phosphate is usually used in a mixture together with ammonium sulfate.

Ammonium sulfate mixed with sodium phosphate, and a mixture of boric acid and borax, are also considered good flame retardants.

Sodium fluoride and sodium fluorosilicate are used both as solutions and in paste form.

Fire protection of wood is an important fire-safety measure. Flame retardants are introduced into wood by impregnation and/or surface treatment (coating). To prevent rot, antiseptics must be added in a way that does not reduce the fire-protective properties.

Fire protection of woven and non-woven materials is an important fire-safety measure.
When flame retardants are used, the fabric generally becomes classified as difficult to ignite. The quality of protection depends directly on the phosphorus content in the fiber. Fire-protective properties must be retained after six dry-cleaning cycles and boiling in distilled water.

To purchase Di-ammonium phosphate, Ammonium sulfate, Borax, or Boric acid, call us right now at (495)133-02-40, (495)407-17-86!
Or send a request to order@chimko.com

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